A pump participates in (a) pumping (activity), an electric transformer participates in voltage conversion, a stream of water participates in dilution, a bolt participates in a connection.
A property chain axiom secures that a participant in part of an activity participates in the activity as a whole.
A property chain axiom secures that when a realizable (a 'disposition' or 'role') is 'realized in' an activity, the activity has the bearer as a participant.
A property chain axiom secures that when an activity has a 'profile quantity datum', the bearer of the quantity is a participant in the activity.